The operating method and principle of resistance heating in electric heaters

The operating method and principle of resistance heating in electric heaters

The method of using an electric heater to heat an object is very simple. It uses the Joule effect generated by the current to effectively convert electrical energy into thermal energy to heat the material. This heating method can also be divided into two types: direct resistance heating and direct resistance heating, with different specific requirements.

If direct resistance heating is used for the electric heater, the power voltage can be directly applied to the heated object. When the current flow expires, the heated object itself can generate heat. From this perspective, objects that can be directly heated by resistance must be conductors and have a higher electrical resistivity. Due to the fact that heat is generated from the heated object itself, thermal efficiency is bound to be high.

The direct resistance heating of electric heaters requires heating elements made of specialized alloy materials or non-metallic materials, which then generate thermal energy and transmit it to the heated object through radiation, convection, and conduction methods.

For electric heaters, the heated object and heating element are divided into two parts, so the variety of heated objects is generally not limited and the operation is simple. It is only necessary to have high requirements for the materials used in the heating element. Under normal circumstances, it is necessary to be satisfied with requirements such as high resistivity, low resistance temperature coefficient, small deformation at high temperatures, and not simple embrittlement.

Metal materials such as iron aluminum alloy, nickel chromium alloy, or non-metallic materials such as silicon carbide and molybdenum disilicide are often used as heating element materials in electric heaters, and the working temperature between materials is also different.

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