The Principle of Vacuum Aluminum Plating Machine for Electric Heating Tube Electroplating
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The Principle of Vacuum Aluminum Plating Machine for Electric Heating Tube Electroplating
2.1 Vacuum system
The vacuum aluminum plating machine used is mainly composed of a winding system, evaporation system, vacuum system, and control system. Due to the need for a certain degree of vacuum in both the coating and winding chambers during aluminum plating, the vacuum system is used to achieve the required vacuum level in the coating and winding chambers before evaporation. As shown in Figure 1, the schematic diagram of the vacuum aluminum plating vacuum system is shown. In order to maximize the use of each vacuum system, the slide valve pump is first opened for pre vacuuming within the low vacuum working range, reaching the medium vacuum working range of the secondary Roots pump. The initial suction valve is opened, and then when the vacuum degree reaches below 100-10-1Pa, the high valve and front valve of the booster pump are opened, allowing the booster pump to continue vacuuming the vacuum chamber, After the vacuum degree reaches 10-1-10-2Pa, the high valve and front valve of the diffusion pump are opened. When the vacuum degree stabilizes between 10-1-10-2Pa, according to the characteristics of the product winding room, a water emulsion PET film is used, and the vacuum degree should be below 10-2Pa. The PET/PE composite film with oil-based adhesive is used, and the vacuum degree can be slightly lower, and it can be opened after 10-1Pa. When changing the roll for secondary aluminum plating, do not turn off the oil booster pump and oil diffusion pump to ensure that the oil vapor inside the pump is in an evaporative state, reducing the time spent on preheating the pump body
1. Maintain the pump; 2. Diffusion pump; 3. Rough extraction valve; 4. Coating room; 5. Winding room; 6. Inflation valve; 7. High valve; 8. Booster pump; 9. Front stage valve; 10. Roots pump; 11. Maintain the pump; 12. Coarse extraction valve; 13. Front stage valve; 14. Roots pump; 15. Slide valve pump
The basic principle of a vacuum chamber is that in a certain high vacuum state, the heated aluminum wire melts into liquid aluminum. Liquid aluminum quickly evaporates into aluminum vapor under high vacuum, and aluminum vapor solidifies into a very thin aluminum layer on the film when it encounters a rapidly cooled film. This process is a physical process that achieves the coating of a thin and uniform aluminum layer on a thin film through the transformation of aluminum form (solid → liquid → gas → solid).
Based on practical experience, in terms of the particle size and required reflection effect of glass bead type reflective materials, when the aluminum coating on the general bead reaches 150-200A, its bonding force with the glass bead is relatively strong, and after testing, the reflection efficiency is greater than 95%. Based on the production process, it is generally reasonable for the aluminum coating of micro bead reflective materials to be between 150 and 400A.
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