Equilibrium potential and non equilibrium potential of electric heating tube electroplating

Equilibrium potential and non equilibrium potential of electric heating tube electroplating

When there is no current passing through, the electrode potential possessed by a reversible electrode is called the equilibrium electrode potential, also known as the reversible potential. The equilibrium potential is related to temperature, effective concentration (activity) of substances in solution and other factors. Its value can not only be measured by experiments, but also calculated by Nernst equation:

In the equation: Φ Ping is the equilibrium potential, Φ。 Is the standard electrode potential, R is the gas constant, equal to 8.313J/℃; T is the absolute temperature; Z is the number of electrons participating in the electrode reaction, F is the Faraday constant, a is the average activity of the oxidized substance, and a is the average activity of the reduced substance.

For pure metals, a reduced state=1, so Nernst equation can be simplified as;

In the formula, a is the average activity of metal ions.

The electrode potential of an irreversible electrode when there is no current passing through it is called a non equilibrium potential, also known as an irreversible potential.

The non equilibrium potential generally changes with the progress of the electrode process. If a completely stable value is reached in the end, the non equilibrium potential is called stable positioning, otherwise it is called unstable potential. The nonequilibrium potential cannot be calculated by Nernst equation, and can only be measured by experiment. The equilibrium potential at which the activity (or gas fraction) of reactants and products in electrode reactions is equal to 1 is called the standard electrode potential. It can be seen from Nernst equation that if both oxidation state and reduction state of a are equal to 1, then Φ Flat= Φ。 Therefore, Φ。 It is the standard electrode potential.

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